The iron and aluminium oxides collect in the 'B' horizon where the iron oxides can accumulate to form a thin layer of hardpan, which impedes drainage through the soil. Illuviation is the process ...

Fields of geology range from the initial formation and differentiation of the Earth to modern surface processes, such as erosion and soil formation, and include Earth system history and the ...

Soil organic carbon (SOC ... SOC accumulation involves two fundamental processes: SOC formation and stability. A recent study published in Environmental Science & Technology by a research team ...

An introduction to the study of soils: physical, chemical and biological properties of soils; soil formation, description ... chemical and biological properties; processes of degradation (including ...

However, China's black soil has been degraded over the years by poor land management practices and the heavy use of chemical ...

Gley soils represent the most extensive soil cover in Scotland. These soils are found on gentler slopes or in areas of high rainfall where the water does not drain away readily. All the glacial ...